(a)
function lookup($s, $i)

(b)
function /*string*/lookup(/*string*/$s, /*int*/$i)

(c)
string lookup(string _s_s, int _s_i)

Example 1: Inserting translation hints into PHP. A function body might be introduced in PHP as (a); with translation hints added, the PHP would be (b); the C++ output is (c).