(a) N2 = (N/2) + 1 center point of a map edge NN = 0.5 - N2 adjust to center of a given pixel FOR I = 1 TO N t = I + NN center-point pixel coordinate CC[I] = t * C precompute Cosine table SS[I] = t * S precompute Sine table (b) Xrot = CC[X] + SS[Y] Yrot = CC[Y] - SS[X]