Figure 5

Edge Detector Mask
 -1  0  -1
  0  4   0
 -1  0  -1

Edge in well lit area

 50 100 100
 50 100 100             convolution with edge mask yields:
 50 100 100             400 - 50 - 50 - 100 - 100 = 100

Edge in poorly lit area

  5 10 10
  5 10 10               convolution with edge mask yields:
  5 10 10               40 - 5 - 5 - 10 - 10 = 10


Smoothing mask

         1 1 1
  1/9 *  1 1 1
         1 1 1

convolution of smoothing mask with edge in well lit area
yields:
50+50+50+100+100+100+100+100+100 / 9 = 750/9 = 83

convolution of smoothing mask with edge in poorly lit
area yields:
5+5+5+10+10+10+10+10+10 / 9 = 75/9 = 8

dividing original convolution by the smoothing mask
result:

edge in well lit area: 100 / 83 = 1

edge in poorly lit area: 10 / 8 = 1